Different types of physical therapy exercises

RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES (ROM)

Active range of motion exercises (AROM)-exercises are those the patient performs, with a physiotherapist supervising to ensure that the patient is doing them correctly// (ćwiczenia czynne)

Passive range of motion exercises (PROM)-the physiotherapist will move a patient limb along the joint range.//( Ćwiczenia bierne)

Active-assistive range of motion exercises (AAROM)-This range of motion exercise is done on patients who are able to move their limb but needs assistance from the physiotherapist to complete the joint range. (Ćwiczenia czynno-bierne)

Resistive range of motion exercises are done by a patient using several modalities such as weights, against gravity, elastic bands to increase muscle strength.// (ćwiczenia czynne z oporem)

ISOMETRIC EXERCISES //(ćwiczenia izometryczne)

An isometric exercise is a form of exercise involving the static contraction of a muscle without any visible movement in the angle of the joint.

Reistance in isometric exercises typically involves contractions of the muscle using:

The body’s own structure and ground
Structural items (e.g., pushing against a fence)
Free weights, weight machines, or elastic equipment (e.g., holding a weight in a fixed position)
Pressure-plate-type equipment that has a digital display of maximal force.

ISOTONIC EXERCISES-DYNAMIC// (ćwiczenia izotoniczne) in which the contraction strength does not change but the joint angle does. Can be ether:

Eccentric – muscle contraction to stabilise movement resulting in increased distance between the origin and insertion.//(skurcz ekscentryczny)
Concentric– muscle contraction resulting in approximation of the origin and insertion.//(skurcz koncentryczny)

CLOSED CHAIN EXERCISES– exercises where movement occurs from muscle insertion to origin and the terminal joint is constrained in a fixed position. //(ćwiczenia w zamkniętym łańcuchu kinemarycznym)

OPEN CHAIN EXERCISES – movement occurring from muscle origin to insertion with the terminal joint free.// ( ćwiczenia w otwartym łańcuchu kinemarycznym)

WEIGHT BEARING EXERCISES is any exercises in which you are supporting your body weight trough your feet and legs or hands or arms. //(ćwiczenia z obciążeniem masy własnego ciała)